Strengthening collaboration among vertical climate funds, multilateral development banks, and national development banks is key to scaling climate and development finance. This report, commissioned by the G20 Sustainable Finance Working Group, outlines actions to mobilize public and private capital, leveraging complementary strengths to accelerate sustainable development and meet global climate goals.

As countries update their NDCs, are these documents sending clear climate investment signals to the market? CPI’s new methodology and interactive data visualization provides a snapshot of progress made in the first 18 “NDCs 3.0” submitted to the UNFCCC in 2025 by non-Annex I parties.

As public resources face growing pressure, understanding not just climate finance flows but also how well they are delivered—is critical. This report offers a framework for assessing the quality of public climate finance, with clear pathways to deliver sustained, transformational change at the project, market, and system levels in EMDEs and beyond.

Despite record growth in global climate investment, the finance gap remains vast, especially in emerging markets and developing economies. Guarantees are among the most effective tools to mobilize private capital for climate action but remain underused. This report by the Green Guarantee Group offers clear, practical recommendations to scale their deployment where they are needed most.