{"id":7268,"date":"2016-03-17T19:06:31","date_gmt":"2016-03-17T19:06:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/climatepolicyinitiative.org\/?p=7268"},"modified":"2026-04-16T16:43:39","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T16:43:39","slug":"two-instruments-attracting-foreign-investment-renewable-energy-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.climatepolicyinitiative.org\/pt-br\/two-instruments-attracting-foreign-investment-renewable-energy-india\/","title":{"rendered":"Two instruments for attracting foreign investment to renewable energy in India"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As India prepares to meet its increasing energy\u00a0demands, which will likely double by 2030, the\u00a0government has set a path towards ambitious\u00a0renewable energy targets of 175GW by 2022, and likely\u00a0350GW by 2030. These targets are good for the Indian\u00a0economy, the climate, and the 400 million Indian\u00a0citizens who currently lack access to electricity.<\/p>\n<p>Raising enough finance will be an essential piece of\u00a0achieving these targets. Currently, it\u2019s estimated that\u00a0reaching the 2022 targets would require <a href=\"http:\/\/factchecker.in\/modis-175-gw-renewable-energy-target-for-2022-needs-160-billion-investment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USD $160<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/factchecker.in\/modis-175-gw-renewable-energy-target-for-2022-needs-160-billion-investment\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">billion<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Domestically, India faces a shortage of available capital\u00a0for renewable energy projects. The Indian government\u00a0has stated several times, most recently at the <a href=\"http:\/\/thinkprogress.org\/climate\/2015\/12\/09\/3728782\/india-paris-coal-renewables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paris\u00a0climate talks<\/a>, that, in order to meet these targets, a\u00a0significant portion of funding will need to come from\u00a0foreign sources.<\/p>\n<p>At the same time, the governments of developed\u00a0countries are willing to provide some of this capital, but\u00a0would also like to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brettonwoodsproject.org\/2012\/04\/art-570165\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leverage their public-sector spending<\/a>,\u00a0by attracting private investment to renewable energy.\u00a0Indeed, greatly scaling up investment from the private\u00a0sector will be essential to mobilize the full amount\u00a0of capital needed to meet India\u2019s renewable energy\u00a0targets.<\/p>\n<p>However, private foreign investment in renewable\u00a0energy projects in India faces two key barriers: currency\u00a0risk and off-taker risk.<\/p>\n<p>To address both of these major risks, there are potential\u00a0short-to-mid-term solutions that can both drive\u00a0private foreign investment and leverage public finance\u00a0from Indian and foreign development institutions and\u00a0governments.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_7269\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7269\" class=\"wp-image-7269 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/climatepolicyinitiative.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Wind-turbines-Rajasthan-1024x644.jpg\" alt=\"Renewable energy in India - Outside of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"644\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7269\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo credit:\u00a0Flickr user Daniel Bachhuber<\/p><\/div>\n<h5>A Currency Hedging Facility to mitigate\u00a0currency risk<\/h5>\n<p>Because currency exchange rates can be volatile, when\u00a0a renewable energy project is financed by foreign\u00a0capital, it requires a currency hedge to protect against\u00a0the risk of currency devaluation; otherwise, foreign\u00a0investors risk losing their gains due to depreciations\u00a0in the Indian currency. However, longer-term currency\u00a0hedges (beyond three to five years) are not easily\u00a0available in the Indian market. In addition, market-based\u00a0hedging in India <a href=\"https:\/\/climatepolicyinitiative.org\/publication\/reaching-indias-renewable-energy-targets-cost-effectively-a-foreign-exchange-hedging-facility\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is expensive<\/a> (for example, 7% or\u00a0higher for a ten year hedge), ultimately making foreign\u00a0financing just as expensive as domestic financing.<\/p>\n<p>One solution to currency risk could be currency hedging\u00a0sponsored by the Indian government. Recent analysis\u00a0by Climate Policy Initiative shows that a government-sponsored <a href=\"https:\/\/climatepolicyinitiative.org\/publication\/reaching-indias-renewable-energy-targets-cost-effectively-a-foreign-exchange-hedging-facility\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">currency hedging facility<\/a>, if designed\u00a0appropriately, could not only provide long-term hedges\u00a0(ten years) but also reduce the hedging costs by up\u00a0to 50%. To do so, this standby facility, in order to\u00a0reach India\u2019s sovereign credit rating, would need to be\u00a0approximately 30% of the hedged capital.<\/p>\n<h5>A Payment Security Mechanism to mitigate\u00a0off-taker risk<\/h5>\n<p>The second major barrier to foreign investment is off-taker\u00a0risk. In India, the major off-takers are the public\u00a0sector electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs),\u00a0which are in a <a href=\"http:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/2014\/11\/20364772\/beyond-crisis-financial-performance-indias-power-sector\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">precarious financial situation<\/a>. Because of\u00a0the financial state of DISCOMs, investors are concerned\u00a0that the DISCOMs might default, jeopardizing their\u00a0investment.<\/p>\n<p>One solution to mitigate off-taker risk could be a payment security mechanism which would cover\u00a0payments to investors in case of potential defaults. This\u00a0would significantly reduce the perception of default risk\u00a0and encourage foreign investment, thereby improving\u00a0the availability of foreign capital. <a href=\"https:\/\/climatepolicyinitiative.org\/publication\/driving-foreign-investment-renewable-energy-india-payment-security-mechanism-address-off-taker-risk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Climate Policy\u00a0Initiative\u2019s analysis<\/a> shows that payment security mechanisms would need to be approximately\u00a07% of capital expenditure to cover defaults over one\u00a0year.<\/p>\n<h5>How the Indian government can help<\/h5>\n<p>The Indian government is in the best position to\u00a0manage both currency and off-taker risks. For currency\u00a0risk, macroeconomic conditions are key drivers of\u00a0currency movements, and government policy can\u00a0influence macroeconomic conditions. For off-taker risk,\u00a0the DISCOMs are public-sector entities, essentially\u00a0supported by the government.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, the Indian government and public finance\u00a0should play a significant role. The Indian government\u00a0can use some of its own money to fund the currency hedging facility as well as the payment security mechanism \u2013 for example, from the National Clean\u00a0Energy Fund, or from the expenditure budget.<\/p>\n<h5>How international governments and\u00a0development institutions can help<\/h5>\n<p>The international community can pitch in by not only\u00a0supporting technical assistance but also contributing\u00a0funds to these facilities. For the currency hedging facility, there may also be gains from diversification by\u00a0creating the facility for multiple currencies, given that\u00a0currency movements will likely offset each other.<\/p>\n<p>The international community can also help by\u00a0creating political will around this process of creating\u00a0these facilities. This would require key engagement\u00a0from government stakeholders from both developed\u00a0countries and developing countries, in addition to\u00a0development finance institutions like the World Bank,\u00a0Asian Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure\u00a0Investment Bank.<\/p>\n<p>As we move forward with the historic climate\u00a0agreement that emerged from COP21 in Paris, there\u00a0has never been a better or more important time to\u00a0develop and implement the solutions that can drive the\u00a0required finance to India\u2019s renewable energy targets.<\/p>\n<p>The Indian government, governments of other nations,\u00a0development finance institutions, and private investors\u00a0all have key roles to play in moving these targets from\u00a0dreams to reality.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As India prepares to meet its increasing energy\u00a0demands, which will likely double by 2030, the\u00a0government has set a path towards ambitious\u00a0renewable energy targets of 175GW by 2022, and likely\u00a0350GW by 2030. These targets are good for the Indian\u00a0economy, the climate, and the 400 million Indian\u00a0citizens who currently lack access to electricity. Raising enough finance will [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"programs":[1761,480],"regions":[155],"topics":[623,1199,842,167,264,304,346],"collaborations":[],"class_list":["post-7268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","programs-climate-finance-tracking","programs-energy-finance","regions-india","topics-development-finance","topics-finance","topics-financial-innovation","topics-international-climate-negotiations","topics-renewable-energy","topics-solar-pv","topics-wind"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Two instruments for attracting foreign investment to renewable energy in India - CPI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Renewable energy in India gets 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